Coptic Church; Monks; Monasteries; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Copts; Archons; Mamluks; Christianity; History of the Patriarchs; Ottoman Empire; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Nile River; Dhimmis; Jews; Roman Empire; French
Patriarchs and patriarchate; Monasteries; Monks; History of the Patriarchs; Mamluks; Copts; Muslims; Persecution; Agriculture; Muslim converts from Christianity
Roman Catholic Church; Rome; Istanbul (Turkey); Schism, Acacian, 484-519; Alexandria (Egypt); Timothy Aelurus, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 477; Theology; Politics; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Coptic Church; Copts; Roman Empire; Excommunication