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  • Alexander II
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    Patriarchs and patriarchate; Monks; Alexandria (Egypt); Copts; Politics; Umayyad dynasty; Taxation; Muslim converts from Christianity; Persecution; Arabic language; Coptic language; Slavery; Cairo (Egypt); Absolution;
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Iconoclasm
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    Iconoclasm; Iconoclasm--Byzantine Empire; Roman Catholic Church; Byzantine Empire; Iconography; Saints; Relics; Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint; Martyrs; Theology; Monophysites; Arabs; Art; Monks; Monasteries; Bishops; Politics; Polemics; Persecution;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • John XI
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    Coptic Church; Patriarchs and patriarchate; History of the Patriarchs; Arabic literature; Islam; Muslims; Monasteries; Monks; Historians; History; Mamluks; Jews; Copts; Persecution; Wine; Churches; Cairo (Egypt); Relics; Pilgrims and pilgrimages;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • John XVIII
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    Coptic Church; Monks; Monasteries; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Copts; Archons; Mamluks; Christianity; History of the Patriarchs; Ottoman Empire; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Nile River; Dhimmis; Jews; Roman Empire; French
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • John XIII
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    Coptic Church; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Bishops; Monks; Monasteries; Mamluks; Ottoman Empire; Copts; Persecution; Jews; Christianity; Dhimmis; Muslims; Islam; History; Historians; Istanbul (Turkey); Cairo (Egypt)
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Josephius Flavius
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    Josephus, Flavius; Antiquitates Judaicae; Judaism; Vespasian, Emperor of Rome, 9-79; Jesus Christ
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Mamluks and the Copts
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    Christianity; Coptic Church; Copts; Muslims; Mamluks; Islam; Politics; Persecution; Taxation; Muslim converts from Christianity; Churches; Ethiopia; Ethiopian Orthodox Church; Mosques; Crusades; Crusades - 13th-15th centuries; Ayyubid dynasty;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Melitius
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    Bishops; Asyūṭ (Egypt); Diocletian, Emperor of Rome, 245-313; Persecution; Excommunication; Council of Nicaea (1st: 325)
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Mikhail, Kyriakos
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    Politics; Education; Egyptian Education; Copts; Arabic language; Alexandria (Egypt); British Empire; Muslims; World War I; Society and Church; History; Ottoman Empire; Cairo (Egypt); Nile River; Ethiopia; Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia,...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty
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    Egypt; Generals; Muhammad, Ali; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Ottoman Empire; Crimean War, 1853-1856; Patriarchs and patriarchate; United States; Missionaries; Conversion; Conversion - Christianity; Coptic Church; Muslims
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Paganism and Christianity in Egypt
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    Roman Empire; Romans; Greeks; Hellenism; Goddesses, Egyptian; Gods, Egyptian; Isis (Egyptian deity); Horus (Egyptian deity); Temples; Paganism; Pharaohs; Hieroglyphics; Theology; Priests; Luxor (Egypt); Fayyūm (Egypt); Ptolemaic dynasty, 305-30...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Persecutions
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    Persecution; Christianity; Egypt; Copts; Torture; Roman Empire; Nero, Emperor of Rome, 37-68; Melchite Church; Death; Jews; Judaism; Julian, the Apostate, 331-363; Rome (Italy); Conversion - Christianity; Conversion; Decius, Gaius Messius Quintus...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Philo of Alexandria
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    Alexandria (Egypt); Jews; Philo, of Alexandria; Philosophers; Philosophy; Politics; Caligula, Emperor of Rome, 12-41; Greek language; Hebrew language; Platonism; Stoics; Missionaries; Bible. O.T.; Judaism; Martyrs; Temples; Josephus, Flavius;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Political Thought in Modern Egypt
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    Egypt; Politics; Law and society; Islam; Muslims; Arabs; Arabic literature; France; French; Muhammad, Ali; Egyptian Education; Education; Economy and society; Translators; Popes; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Journalism; Scholars; Schools; Science;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Theodosius II
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    Patriarchs and patriarchate; Mamluks; Muslims; Taxation; Death; History of the Patriarchs
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Yusab I
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    Saints; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Monks; Hermits; Popes; Politics; Taxation; Muslims; Persecution; History of the Patriarchs; Society and Church
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Asclepiades
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    Biographies; Neoplatonism; Philosophers; Paganism
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Athanasius I
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    Alexandria (Egypt); Athanasius, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 373.; Authors; Arianism; Arians; Byzantine Empire; Catechetical School of Alexandria; Constantine I, Emperor of Rome, d. 337; Coptic language; Council of Nicaea (1st: 325); Greek...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Christodoulus
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    Alexandria (Egypt); Patriarchs and patriarchate; Monks; Celibacy - Christianity; Monasteries; Miracles; Antioch (Turkey); Arabs; Copts; Muslims; Fatimid dynasty; Persecution; Martyrs; Muslim converts from Christianity; Hermits; Churches; Priests;...
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Cosmas Indicopleustes
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    Monks; Nestorians;Topography; Authors
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  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia

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