Turks; Mamluks; Ottoman Empire; Copts; Conversion; Islam; Monks; Monasteries; Taxation; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Roman Catholic Church; Missionaries; Coptic Church; Administration; French language
Abbots; Asceticism; Coptic language - Bohairic dialect; Coptic language - Sahidic dialect; Literature; Manuscripts; Monks; Monasteries; Shenute, ca. 348-466; The White Monastery; Titles of honor and nobility