Copts; Politics; Taxation; Mamluks; French; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Cairo (Egypt); Islam; Muslims; Military; Ottoman Empire; Dhimmis; Coptic Church; Patriarchs and patriarchate
Sacraments; Fasting; Liturgies; Priests; Deacons; Council of Nicaea (1st: 325); Athanasius, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 373.; Basil, the Great, saint, Bishop of Caesarea, ca. 329- 379; Patriarchs and patriarchate