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  • Boutors Ghali (1846-1910)
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    Administration; Arabic language; British Empire; Copts; Turkish language; Persian language; English language; French language; Statesmen; Diplomats; Law and society
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    Behrens-Abuseif, Doris
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Prefect
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    Administration; Egypt; Geography; Diocletian, Emperor of Rome, 245-313; Justinian I, Emperor of the East, 483?-565; History; Roman Empire; Politics; Law and society; Taxation; Bishops; Paganism; Orthodoxy; Heresy
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    Verbeeck, Bénédicte
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Bishop, Consecration of
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    Bishops; Theology; Titles of honor and nobility; Sacraments; Prayers; Priests; Fasting; Administration; Alexandria (Egypt); Unction; Apostles; Bible. N.T.; Bible; Churches; Christology; Coptic Church; Greek language; Forgiveness; Asceticism;...
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    Basilios, Archbishop
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Alexandria in Late Antiquity
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    Cities and towns; Alexandria; Theology; Roman Empire; Byzantine Empire; Athanasius, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 373.; Ptolemaic dynasty, 305-30 B.C.; Greeks; Greek language; Geography; Diocletian, Emperor of Rome, 245-313; Architecture;...
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    Heinen, Heinz
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • John VIII
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    Patriarchs and patriarchate; History of the Patriarchs; Saints; Monks; Monasteries; Copts; Christianity; Islam; Muslims; Pilgrims and pilgrimages; Jews; Judaism; Churches; ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, Caliph, d. 644; Muslim converts from...
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    Labib, Subhi
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Lectionary
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    Lectionaries; Coptic Church; Psalms; Bible. N.T.; Bible; Coptic language; Greek language; Roman Catholic Church; Arabic language; Bible. O.T.; Coptic Feasts; Saints; Synaxarion; Cairo (Egypt); Calendar; French; Scholars; Christology; Theology;...
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    Basilios, Archbishop; Coquin, René-Georges
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Modern Egypt, Copts in
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    Muhammad, Ali; Copts; Administration; Government; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Azhar University; Sudan; Suez Canal (Egypt); Missionaries; Roman Catholic Church; Protestantism; Taxation; Arab Conquest of Egypt; Military; Education;...
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    Bahr, Samirah
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Personal Status Law
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    Egypt; Law and society; Copts; Muslims; Marriage; Arab Conquest of Egypt; Dhimmis; Ottoman Empire; Crimean War, 1853-1856; World War I; Society and Church; Administration; History; Islam; Apostles; Bible. N.T.; Patriarchs and patriarchate;...
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    Ghattas, Iskandar
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Sawirus Ibn Al-Muqaffa‘
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    Authors; Copts; Arabic language; Christianity; Coptic Church; Education; Coptic language; Politics; Monasteries; Monks; Cairo (Egypt); Libraries; Bible; Scholars; Philosophy; Archons; Bishops; Patriarchs and patriarchate; Nile River; Melchite...
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    Atiya, Aziz Suryal, 1898-1988
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Christology
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    Christology; Divinity of Christ; Council of Constantinople (1st: 381); Council of Nicaea (1st: 325); Council of Ephesus (431); Council of Chalcedon (451)
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    Barnard, Leslie W.
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Constantine
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    Bishops; History; Authors; Synaxarion; Arabic language; Coptic language - Sahidic dialect; Monks; Monasteries; Bible. N.T.; Psalms; Saints; Martyrs; History of the Patriarchs; Arianism; Greek language; Papyri; Manuscripts; Coptic Church
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    Coquin, René-Georges; Samir, Khalil
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Copts in Late Medieval Egypt
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    Copts; Coptic studies; Coptic Church; Christianity; Christian converts; Muslims; Muslim converts from Christianity; Islam; Politics; Society and Education; Soldiers; Society and Church; Arabic language; Arabs; Arab Conquest of Egypt; Mamluks; Cairo...
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    Petry, Carl F.
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Incarnation
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    Theology; Christology; Christianity; Athanasius, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 373.; Ebionites; Incarnation; Hypostatic union; Holy Spirit; Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint; Mysteries, Religious; Bible. N.T.; Nicene Creed; Liturgies; Bible. O.T.;...
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    Basilios, Archbishop
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • John XI
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    Coptic Church; Patriarchs and patriarchate; History of the Patriarchs; Arabic literature; Islam; Muslims; Monasteries; Monks; Historians; History; Mamluks; Jews; Copts; Persecution; Wine; Churches; Cairo (Egypt); Relics; Pilgrims and pilgrimages;...
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    Labib, Subhi
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Julian the Apostate
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    Paganism; Constantine I, Emperor of Rome, d. 337; Constantius II, Emperor of Rome, 317-361; Basil, the Great, saint, Bishop of Caesarea, ca. 329- 379; Gregory of Nazianzus, Saint; Pachomius, Saint; History of the Patriarchs; Nubia;
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    Frend, W.H.C.
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Malati Yusuf
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    Mamluks; French; Copts; Coptic Church; Christianity; Muslims; Islam; Taxation; Ottoman Empire
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    Shoucri, Mounir
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Mark IV
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    Patriarchs and patriarchate; Coptic Church; Alexandria (Egypt); Monks; Mamluks; Copts; Conversion - Christianity; Islam; Crusades - 13th-15th centuries
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    Labib, Subhi
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Mikhail, Kyriakos
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    Politics; Education; Egyptian Education; Copts; Arabic language; Alexandria (Egypt); British Empire; Muslims; World War I; Society and Church; History; Ottoman Empire; Cairo (Egypt); Nile River; Ethiopia; Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia,...
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    Makar, Ragai
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Anointing of the Ethiopian Emperor
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    Sacraments; Ethiopia; Politics; Churches; Ethiopian Orthodox Church;
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    Tafla, Bairu
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia
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  • Origen
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    Origen; History; Historians; Historia monachorum in Aegypto; Scholars; Catechetical School of Alexandria; Gnosticism; Gnostic literature; Christianity; Copts; Egypt; Athanasius, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, d. 373.; Alexandria (Egypt); Martyrs;...
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    Hanson, R. P. C.; Samir, Khalil; Atiya, Aziz Suryal, 1898-1988
  • Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia

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